Having excess weight, not the size of one's body healthy. Obesity can be a severe problem because it could be a nest of various diseases. Overweight or obesity may occur due to excess amount of food is assumed by someone.
Obesity is now a problem that arises in the world, even the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared it a global epidemic. Prevalence is increasing not only in developed countries but also in developing countries, including Indonesia.
The average woman has more body fat than men. Comparison between the normal-weight body fat is around 25-30% in women and 18-23% in men. Women with a body fat of more than 30% body fat and men with more than 25% are considered obese.
Or in other words someone who has a weight 20% higher than the value of
the middle range of normal weight, are considered obese.
Obesity is classified into 3 groups:
- Mild obesity: overweight 20-40%
- Obesity is: 41-100% overweight
- Severe obesity: excess weight> 100%.
Severe obesity was found as much as 5% among people who are obese. Someone who is fat much buried in the stomach, is more prone to various health problems associated with obesity. They have a higher risk. pear better picture than the picture of an apple.
Scientifically, obesity is caused by consuming more calories than are required by the body. What is the cause of the imbalance between calorie intake and burning is still unclear.
The occurrence of obesity involves several factors:
- Genetic factors; Obesity tends to be lowered, so that is thought to have a genetic cause. But family members share not only genes but also diet and lifestyle habits, which can promote obesity. Often difficult to separate the lifestyle factors with genetic factors. Recent research shows that the average genetic factors influence 33% of a person's weight.
- Environmental factors; gene is an important factor in many cases of obesity, but a person's environment also plays a significant role. This environment includes lifestyle behaviors (eg what to eat and how many times a person eats and how their activities). A person certainly can not change the genetic pattern, but he can change eating habits and activities.
- Psychological factors; what is in the mind of a person can affect eating habits. Many people reacted to his emotions by eating. One form of emotional distress is a negative self-perception.
This disorder is a serious problem in many young women who suffer from
obesity, and can cause excessive awareness about obesity and discomfort
in social interaction.
- Health factors; some illnesses can cause obesity, among others; hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, some neurological disorders which can cause a lot of eating. And drugs; certain drugs (such as steroids and some anti-depressants) can cause weight gain.
- Growth factors; increase the size or number of fat cells (or both) cause increasing amount of fat stored in the body. Obese people, especially the fat in childhood, can have fat cells sampak 5 times more than people of normal weight.
The number of fat cells can not be reduced, because the weight loss can
only be accomplished by reducing the amount of fat in each cell.
- Physical activity;
lack of physical activity is probably one of the main causes of the
increasing incidence of obesity in the midst of an affluent society. People who are inactive need fewer calories. someone who tends to consume foods rich in fat and physical activity are balanced, will be obese.
Obesity is not only pleasing to the eye but it is a dire health dilemma. Obesity is directly harmful to one's health.
Obesity also increases the risk of some chronic diseases such as:
- Type 2 diabetes (arising in adulthood)
- High blood pressure (hypertension)
- Stroke
- Heart attack (myocardial infarction
- Heart failure
- Cancer (certain types of cancer, such as prostate cancer and colon cancer)
- Gall bladder stones and bladder stones
- Gout and gouty arthritis
- Osteoarthritis
- Sleep apnea (failure to breath normally during sleep, leads to reduced oxygen levels in the blood)
- Pickwickian syndrome (obesity accompanied by facial redness, underventilasi and sleepy).
The initial step in treating obesity is estimating body fat and health risk by calculating bmi. Health risks related to obesity will increase in line with increasing numbers bmi:
- Low risk: bmi <27
- Intermediate risk: bmi 27-30
- High risk: bmi 30-35
- The risk is very high: 35-40 bmi
- The risk is very high: bmi of 40 or more.
The type and severity of exercise, and calorie restriction on each
patient is different and medication is adjusted to the circumstances of
the patient.
Patients with low health risks, the diet was (1200-1500 calories / day
for women, 1400-2000 calories / day for men), accompanied by exercise
patients with secondary health risks, low-calorie diet (800-1200
calories / day for women, 1000-1400 calories / day for men) along with
sports people with high health risk or very high, get an anti-obesity
drug with a low calorie diet and sports.
Chances of long-term weight loss are successful will be higher if a
doctor working in a professional team involving dieticians,
psychologists and exercise specialists. This team will assist the patient to:
- Achieving a permanent lifestyle change
- Monitor patient progress
- Provide positive support and encouragement
- Find and help reduce sources of stress
- Prevent recurrence.
Meanwhile, for drugs, there are 2 main types of drugs used to treat obesity:
- drugs that reduce appetite, for example fenfluramine, deksfenfluramin, fentermin.
-
drugs that block the absorption of nutrients from the gut, for example,
orlistat (blocking the absorption of fat in the intestine).
Awareness of the dangers of obesity is still low. Most people do not even realize they are suffering from obesity and normal weight think.
This certainly should not be ignored because obesity is a source of
various diseases such as stroke, diabetes, heart disease, and
respiratory disorders.
Diabetes is a serious disease whose cases skyrocketed in recent years. Millions of people worldwide are diagnosed with diabetes have contracted due to unhealthy lifestyles and lack of exercise. Before it's too late, here are 10 ways to prevent diabetes, as reported by the Times of India. 1 Know what is diabetes Before starting preventive measures against diabetes, it is important to know what exactly it is diabetes. Once you are familiar with this disease, you can start your preventative treatment with ease. 2 Reduce the size of the meal Reducing the size of the meal every day can be the best way to avoid diabetes. 3 Sports Exercising every day to help maintain a healthy weight, lower blood sugar levels and increases your sensitivity to insulin. So, exercise every day for at least 30 minutes to keep blood sugar levels within the normal range. 4. Lose weight Excess body weight can be increase a person's risk of developing diabetes. So, make sure that you can lose weight and keep it normal. 5. Breakfast is very important No matter how hated you at breakfast, very important for breakfast every day. It helps reduce the risk of developing diabetes. Eating a healthy breakfast not only helps control appetite, but it also helps control calorie consumption. 6 Avoid fatty foods
Junk food and regular food you buy on the street are generally high in
saturated fat, which can increase the levels of bad cholesterol in the
body. This in turn can also affect blood sugar levels in the body. So, avoid junk food and other fatty foods. 7 Avoid sugary drinks Soda, soft drinks or berperasa may increase the risk of developing diabetes. All sources of sugar-sweetened beverages is an invisible, which can increase your blood sugar levels. 8 Eat a lot of vegetables The meat is delicious, but you do not have to eat it every day, because it could pose a risk of diabetes. Thus, multiply the consumption of vegetables every day. They will help you prevent diabetes. 9 Avoid stress Excessive stress can increase your blood sugar levels. So, reduce stress levels by practicing yoga, meditation or breathing exercises. 10 Sleep well Get at least six hours of sleep at night is very important to prevent diabetes.
Lack of sleep can increase the hormone cortisol in the body, which can
increase insulin levels and causes blood sugar imbalances. In addition, non-restful sleep can also make a crazy appetite. Here are ten ways to prevent diabetes. Before too late, you can do prevention early and start a healthy lifestyle.
1 Keeping the weight
Maintain a healthy weight throughout your life is proven to maintain health.
You can calculate the BMI or Body Mass Index by means of body weight
(in kilograms) divided by height in meters quadrant, has been shown to
significantly if an increase in BMI (more than normal 25) will increase
the risk of breast cancer. In addition, and increased BMI has been conclusively proven to increase the risk of post-menopausal breast cancer.
2 Avoid alcohol
The use of alcohol is the most well established for breast cancer.
Health studies show consuming more than one alcoholic beverage a day
can increase the risk of breast cancer as much as 20-25 percent.
3 Consuming fruits and vegetables
Eat seven or more servings of vegetables and fruit every day.
Vegetables for breast cancer protection include all vegetables
(broccoli, cabbage, brussels sprouts, cauliflower), green vegetables
(collards, kale, spinach), carrots and tomatoes. Fruits that have more content to prevent breast cancer is citrus, berries and cherries.
The best for you is by consuming raw or lightly cooked vegetables,
because some of the phytochemicals believed to offer protection against
breast cancer are destroyed by heat
4 Exercise regularly
Many studies have shown that regular exercise provides powerful protection against breast cancer. Do it for 30 minutes to perform moderate aerobic activity (brisk walking) on a regular basis.
5. Reduce Fat
Are you fat right? Type of fat in your diet can affect the risk of breast cancer. Minimize consumption of omega-6 fats, saturated fats and trans fats. Maximize your intake of omega-3 fats, especially from oily fish (salmon, tuna, mackerel, sardines).
Consume monounsaturated oils (olive oil, nuts / seeds, avocados) as
your primary fat source, as these foods have potential anticancer
properties.
In particular, olive oil is a potent source of antioxidant polyphenols
and nuts and seeds provide for the cancer protective mineral, selenium. 6 Consumption of Carbohydrates appropriate portion
Is your carbs right?
Minimize consumption of the high glycemic index of white rice, white
potatoes, sugar and products processed from rice, potato and sugar. These foods trigger hormonal changes that promote cellular growth in breast tissue. Replace this with your karbonhidrat grains and beans / legumes. Nuts for high fiber and lignan content of especially special.
7 Consuming soy products
Consuming soy products regularly, such as tofu, tempeh and soy milk. Epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between soy consumption and breast cancer risk reduction.
8 Minimize exposure to pharmacologic estrogens and xeno-estrogens.
Do not take prescription estrogens unless medically indicated. Lifetime exposure to estrogen plays an important role in the development of breast cancer. Also avoid estrogen-like compounds found in environmental pollutants, such as pesticides and industrial chemicals. It is recommended to use organic products if you can not avoid it then wash non-organic product correctly.
9 Think positive and do not smoke
Engage in self-nurturing behaviors regularly. Develop a warm and mutually beneficial relationships with family and friends. Get enough sleep (7-8 hours per night). Research shows that long-term smoking is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in some women.
10 Breastfeeding
Breastfeeding your baby until the right time. Women who breastfeed their babies for at least one year in total have a reduced risk of breast cancer.
